"Draw and label the circulatory system including the heart, lungs, veins, and arteries. Show the pathway of the blood through these."
"What is the difference between a vein and artery?"
Arteries -
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"What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? Give an example of each."
Diffusion is the random movement of molecules from high to low concentration. An example would be a drop of food coloring in water eventually spreading throughout the water until it is an even concentration. Or the smell of brownies spreading from the oven to the rest of the house. Osmosis is the diffusion of water through the membrane of a cell. Think of the cells in your mouth shrinking when you eat popcorn or absorbing water when you are in the pool too long.
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"Concentration of Solutions"
Isotonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes EQUAL TO the inside of the cell.
Hypertonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes HIGHER THAN the inside of the cell.
Hypotonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes LOWER THAN the inside of the cell.
Isotonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes EQUAL TO the inside of the cell.
Hypertonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes HIGHER THAN the inside of the cell.
Hypotonic - Solution with the concentration of solutes LOWER THAN the inside of the cell.
"What is the difference between an exothermic and endothermic reaction? Give an example of each."
An exothermic reaction RELEASES heat during the reaction. You feel heat coming off of the reaction.
An example would be combustion (burning). | An endothermic reaction ABSORBS heat during the reaction. If you were to feel this reaction, it would feel cold because it would absorb the heat from your hand.
An example would be ice melting. It feels cold and absorbs heat. Another example would be chemicals in a ice pack mixing and making the pack cold. |
"What is a calorie? How is it different from a kilocalorie or Calorie?"
A calorie is the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 1mL or water by 1 degree Celcius. A kilocalorie, or Calorie, is equal to 1000 calories. This is the "Calorie" that you know of on nutrition labels. That means a 1 Calorie food would raise the temperature of 1mL of water by 1000 degrees Celcius. Or 1000mL (1L) of water would be heated by 1 degree Celcius. |